The findings of the review and presentation of the results should flow logically from the review objection/question i.e. they must ultimately answer the questions posed. The findings and key results extracted from the included research syntheses should constitute part of this section and may include presentation of quantitative and qualitative data. Both quantitative and qualitative findings presented in the JBI Umbrella Review report should be presented in a tabular format with supporting text.
Quantitative tabulation of results presented in this section must include clear presentation of the name of the intervention, the study or citation details that inform the intervention, the number of studies and individual participants that inform the outcome measure, the calculated effect estimate where possible or the main finding of the study related to the intervention and relevant outcome, as well as any details of measures of heterogeneity about the effect estimate(s). An example of the table of findings is below in Table 10.2 for one outcome. In this example it is for ‘aggressive behaviors‘, if other outcomes were included, the final three columns of the table would be repeated for each. Tabular presentation must be accompanied by a clear and detailed description of the interventions addressed.
Table 10.2: Tabular presentation of quantitative findings for an Umbrella Review
Qualitative findings should also be tabulated in this section of the Umbrella Review report. A description of the phenomenon of interest alongside the key synthesized findings extracted from each included qualitative meta- synthesis or systematic review should be presented. Individual findings and illustrations that would be the norm for presentation in a JBI meta-aggregative review would not be presented in a JBI Umbrella Review presenting qualitative data. To facilitate interpretability and clarity of the findings in this section of the review, adequate contextual and descriptive detail should also be presented.
An example of tabular presentation of qualitative findings in a JBI Umbrella Review is presented in Table 10.3. In this table the synthesized finding presented must be an accurate, verbatim replication of the finding from the source review. The descriptive information in the final column may constitute the Umbrella Review authors’ own words to provide the necessary detail for interpretability. Depending on the review, it is likely that an individual table would be presented for each included qualitative synthesis; otherwise, further rows could be added to the example table. This tabular presentation must be accompanied by further descriptive detail of the phenomena of interest to the review in the text.
Table 10.3: Tabular presentation of qualitative findings for an Umbrella Review
