From critical appraisal to risk of bias assessment: clarifying the terminology for study evaluation in JBI systematic reviews Stone et al 2023 As evidence synthesis methodology has advanced, guidance for the critical appraisal of primary research has emphasized a distinction from the assessment of internal validity required for synthesized research. This assessment is conceptualized and branded in various ways in the literature, such as risk of bias, critical appraisal, study validity, methodological quality, and methodological limitations. |